10
📚Now these are the generations of the sons of Noah, Shem, Ham, and Japheth. After the flood sons were born to them.2 📚The sons of Japheth: Gomer, Magog, Madai, Javan, Tubal, Meshech, and Tiras. 3 📚And the sons of Gomer: Ashkenaz, Riphath, and Togarmah. 4 📚And the sons of Javan: Elishah, Tarshish, Kittim, and Dodanim. 5 📚From these the coast lands of the Gentiles were divided in their lands, each one according to his language, according to their families, in their nations.
10:2-5 These are ancestors of peoples which settled in regions generally north, northwest, and northeast of Israel. Javan is present-day Greece. “Sons” (verses 2,3,4,6,7,20-23,29,31) – in Hebrew usage the word “sons” sometimes means “descendants” or “successors” or “peoples”. See note on Gen 5:6-32.⚜
6 📚And the sons of Ham: Cush, Mizraim, Phut, and Canaan. 7 📚And the sons of Cush: Seba, Havilah, Sabtah, Raamah, and Sabtechah. And the sons of Raamah: Sheba and Dedan.
10:6-7 Ancestors of peoples which settled east, south, and southwest of Israel. It seems there were two regions named Cush. One included a part of present-day Ethiopia, the other was in the neighborhood of present-day Iraq. Mizraim is another name for Egypt.⚜
8 📚And Cush begot 📖 Nimrod. Nimrod became a mighty one in the earth. 9 📚He was a mighty hunter in the eyes of the LORD. Therefore it is said, “Just like Nimrod the mighty hunter in the eyes of the LORD”. 10 📚And the beginning of his kingdom was Babel, Erech, Accad, and Calneh, in the land of Shinar. 11 📚From that land he went to Assyria and built Nineveh and the city Rehoboth, and Calah, 12 and Resen between Nineveh and Calah. This is a great city.
10:8-12 Nimrod had to do with some cities that became prominent in Bible times. Both Nineveh and Babylon were destroyed long ago.⚜
13 📚And Mizraim begot Ludim, Anamim, Lehabim, Naphtuhim, 14 📚Pathrusim, Casluhim (from whom came the Philistines), and Caphtorim.
10:14 The Philistines lived along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea and come to prominence in the Biblical story during the times of the judges and early kings of Israel.⚜
15 📚And Canaan begot Sidon his firstborn, Heth, 16 📚and the Jebusite, the Amorite, the Girgasite, 17 📚the Hivite, the Arkite, the Sinite, 18 📚the Arvadite, the Zemarite, and the Hamathite. And afterwards the families of the Canaanites were scattered.
19 📚And the border of the Canaanites was from Sidon, as you come to Gerar, to Gaza; as you go to Sodom, Gomorrah, Admah, and Zeboim, as far as Lasha.
10:15-19 Some of these peoples occupied the land of Canaan before the nation of Israel dispossessed them (Ex 3:8, 17; Josh 24:11).⚜
20 📚These were the sons of Ham, according to their families, according to their languages, in their countries, and in their nations.
21 📚As for Shem, the father of all the children of Eber and the brother of Japheth the elder, to him also children were born.
10:21 Note on Eber at Gen 11:15.⚜
22 📚The children of Shem: Elam, Asshur, Arphaxad, Lud, and Aram. 23 📚And the children of Aram: Uz, Hul, Gether, and Mash 📖. 24 📚And Arphaxad begot Salah, and Salah begot Eber. 25 📚And two sons were born to Eber. The name of one was Peleg, for in his days the earth was divided. His brother’s name was Joktan.
10:25 Peleg means “divided”.⚜
26 📚And Joktan begot Almodad, Sheleph, Hazarmaveth, Jerah, 27 📚Hadoram, Uzal, Diklah, 28 📚Obal, Abimael, Sheba, 29 📚Ophir, Havilah, and Jobab. All these were the sons of Joktan.
30 📚And their location was from Mesha, as you go to Sephar, a hill in the east.
31 📚These are the sons of Shem, according to their families, according to their languages, according to their nations.
10:21-31 Shem was the ancestor of Abraham, and of the nation of Israel.⚜
32 📚These are the families of the sons of Noah, according to their generations, in their nations.